Acute mosquito-transmitted febrile diseases are serious threats for children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria infections alone are responsible for 437,000 deaths annually amongst children in Africa. Unfortunately, an increasing number of malaria-like infections caused by pathogens viruses and bacteria have gained a considerable relevance within the last number of years. Certain arboviruses like Dengue or Chikungunya are held responsible for several huge epidemic outbreaks worldwide. Their prevalence in SSA is very likely but to date reliable epidemiologic data are lacking. Due to the lack of diagnostic tools delineating between the various potential causing pathogens, inadequate treatment decisions become unavoidable. Consequently, a significant health, financial, and logistic burden for SSA-societies, e. g. Tanzania, is associated with insufficient treatment approaches.

Aim of the study is to evaluate the Prevalence of Dengue and Chikungunya Virus Infections in hospitalized children treated under the suspicion of malaria infection. This study might help to reduce false Malaria-treatments and prepare for a potential Dengue vaccine campaign

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